After Lenin's death, in 1924, Stalin set out to destroy the old party leadership and take total control. Some scholars have argued that Stalin's record of killings amount to genocide and make him one of history's most ruthless mass murderers. Facts about Joseph Stalin. In February 1917, the Russian Revolution began. He also agreed to enter the war against Japan once Germany was defeated. He was able to give jobs to people he liked in the Communist Party.These supporters helped him become the leader after Vladimir Lenin died in 1924. Roosevelt died that April and was replaced by President Harry S. Truman. For a time, he found work as a tutor and later as a clerk at the Tiflis Observatory. Born into poverty in 1879 to an alcoholic cobbler father and washerwoman mother, Stalin caught smallpox at the age of seven and was left with pockmarks on his face and a slightly deformed left arm. Read a comprehensive biography of Joseph Stalin’s life, including major events, key people and terms, and important achievements. Even Lenin, who was gravely ill, was helpless to regain control from Stalin. Though his popularity from his successes during World War II was strong, Stalin's health began to deteriorate in the early 1950s. Joseph Stalin was the second leader of the Soviet Union and General Secretary of the Communist Party in Russia. A few of Joseph Stalin facts also point towards this leader’s softer or finer aspects which are really hard to believe. In the 1920s, Joseph Stalin sent an animal-breeding expert to Africa to mate humans and chimpanzees in an attempt to create a monkey-man army. Stalin gained infamy being associated with the 1907 Tiflis bank robbery, which resulted in several deaths and 250,000 rubles stolen (approximately $3.4 million in U.S. dollars). He demanded the Allies open a second front against Germany, which they agreed to in the spring of 1944. Facts about Joseph Stalin: 1-5 1. Stalin was born Ioseb (Joseph) Besarionis dze Jughashvili. By the time anyone realized what he had done, it was too late. This only deepened Stalin's suspicion of the West, as millions of Russians died. 6 December] 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet politician who ruled the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. But, like other Russian revolutionaries, including Vladimir Lenin, he later adopted the alias by which he is now best known. Stalin's death. The Vietnam Soldier: Weapons and Equipment for Frontline Combatants, 8 Famous Pirates from the ‘Golden Age of Piracy’, 10 Key Figures in the Abolition of Slavery in the UK, 10 Facts About Viking Warrior Ragnar Lodbrok, 5 Unsung Heroes of the Anti-Slavery Campaign in Britain. The other village children treated him cruelly, instilling in him a sense of inferiority. He devoted much of his early years to trying to overthrow the […] What compelled them to act in a certain way? Stalin also set in motion rapid industrialization that initially achieved huge successes, but over time cost millions of lives and vast damage to the environment. Though he excelled in seminary school, Stalin left in 1899. From 1934 to 1940 Stalin had vast numbers of government, party, and army officials murdered to satisfy his paranoid delusions that everyone was out to get him. ‘Let Them Eat Cake’: What Really Led to Marie Antoinette’s Execution. Accounts differ as to the reason; official school records state he was unable to pay the tuition and withdrew. He became chair of the Senate's subcommittee on investigations. During the 1930s, he made the country stronger but at the cost of millions of lives. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. The fledgling Soviet government went through a violent period after the revolution as various individuals vied for position and control. Stalin wanted to make Russia one of the most powerful nations in the world (just like the USA, Great Britain, and France). Joseph Stalin The man who the world would come to know as Joseph Stalin was born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, on December 21, 1879, in the Georgian village of Gori, a small town in the southern reaches of the vast Russian Empire. 1. British parliamentary elections had replaced Prime Minister Churchill with Clement Attlee as Britain's chief negotiator. At least 5 million people are believed to have died during this industrialisation process. Although formally known as the country’s premier from 1941 until his own death in 1953 at age 74, Stalin was a brutal dictator who slaughtered many of his own citizens as he transformed the country into a major global power. Newspaper editor and publisher Joseph Pulitzer helped set the pattern of the modern newspaper. His nom de … However, further paranoia set in and Stalin soon conducted a vast reign of terror, having people arrested in the night and put before spectacular show trials. With Soviet troops liberating countries in Eastern Europe, Stalin was again in a strong position and negotiated virtually a free hand in reorganizing their governments. The dropping of two atomic bombs in August 1945 forced Japan's surrender before the Soviets could mobilize. This group was completed by Yakov Sverdlov, though he died little more than a year later. After Lenin’s death a bitter power struggle broke out between Stalin and and the more idealistic Trotsky. The son of Besarion Jughashvili, a … Between 1945 and 1948, he established Communist regimes in many Eastern European countries, creating a vast buffer zone between Western Europe and "Mother Russia.". Convinced of the Allies' hostility toward the Soviet Union, Stalin became obsessed with the threat of an invasion from the West. Russian Revolution. Stalin was born in 1879 in Georgia. The Allies responded with the massive Berlin Airlift, supplying the city and eventually forcing Stalin to back down. He got the name Stalin while he was a revolutionary. DOWNLOAD BIOGRAPHY'S JOSEPH STALIN FACT CARD. ; He became the dictator of the Soviet Union and crushed anyone that attempted to go against his will. Potential rivals were accused of aligning with capitalist nations, convicted of being "enemies of the people" and summarily executed. A new online only channel for history lovers, Jack Kenneth Lyon: The Last Great Escaper, Missing World War Two B-25 Bombers Found in the Pacific Ocean with Dr. Eric Terrill, A Tour of The Wings Museum in West Sussex, The 8 De Facto Rulers of the Soviet Union In Order. 16. However, some historians claim that Stalin did not die of a When the resolution to support South Korea came to a vote in the Security Council, the Soviet Union was unable to use its veto. And, unlike other famines in history caused by blight or drought, this was caused when a dictator wanted both to replace Ukraine’s small farms with state-run collectives and punish independence-minded Ukrainians who pose… Would things have been different if he or she had just done one thing differently? Joseph Stalin, Russian in full Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin, original name (Georgian) Ioseb Dzhugashvili, (born December 18 [December 6, Old Style], 1878, Gori, Georgia, Russian Empire [ see Researcher’s Note] —died March 5, 1953, Moscow, Russia, U.S.S.R.), secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–53) and premier of the Soviet state (1941–53), who for a quarter of a … Key Facts & Summary. By October, the revolution was complete and the Bolsheviks were in control. Here are 10 horrendous facts about Joseph Stalin. His Red Army helped defeat Nazi Germany during World War II. A Brief History. Stalin was born as Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on December 18, 1879, to a very poor family living in a peasant village (Gori) in Georgia. During his time as Soviet leader, he oversaw the Allied victory against Nazi Germany and the worsening of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States.eval(ez_write_tag([[728,90],'historyhit_com-box-3','ezslot_16',142,'0','0'])); In the West today, Stalin is considered one of the most evil men in history, with his crimes often put up for comparison against Hitler’s. But these gains came at a huge human cost.eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'historyhit_com-banner-1','ezslot_10',161,'0','0']));eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'historyhit_com-banner-1','ezslot_11',161,'0','1'])); People were forced into leaving their homes to work in factories where they laboured in terrible conditions – and those who refused were killed. – … Both sides had their supporters – Lenin himself had said before he died that Trotsky should replace Stalin as general secretary of the Communist Party. He was the only surviving son of Vissarion Dzhugashvili, a cobbler who first practiced his craft in a village shop but later in a shoe factory in the city. Soon he made a place for himself with his organizational capability and played an eminent role during the ‘October Revolution’. Here are 10 facts about him. He was writing and editing Pravda, the party newspaper. https://www.biography.com/dictator/joseph-stalin. It comes from the Russian word for "steel" combined with "Lenin". Stalin was a member of the Bolshevik Party, but did not do much in the Russian Revolution of 1917. Fearing that communism would fail if the Soviet Union did not modernise, from the late 1920s Stalin began initiating a series of brutal five-year plans to industrialise the still almost feudal country. After an assassination plot was uncovered, he ordered the head of the secret police to instigate a new purge of the Communist Party. By the time Stalin regained his resolve, German armies occupied all of the Ukraine and Belarus, and its artillery surrounded Leningrad. Stalin came to power through being a member of the Communist Party, and by 1929 was the undisputed leader of the whole country. Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. To make matters worse, the purges of the 1930s had depleted the Soviet Army and government leadership to the point where both were nearly dysfunctional. By the year 1924, he took control of his party entirely. In 1922, Stalin was appointed to the newly created office of general secretary of the Communist Party. A … As a child, Joseph Stalin was nicknamed “Pocky” by his friends because of the scars left over from contracting smallpox. 2. Stalin was eventually denounced by his successor, Nikita Khrushchev, in 1956. Any resistance was met with swift and lethal response; millions of people were exiled to the labor camps of the Gulag or were executed. In 1888, she managed to enroll him in church school in Gori. For a time, the revolutionaries supported a provisional government, believing a smooth transition of power was possible. Stalin believed that collectivism would accelerate food production, but the peasants resented losing their land and working for the state. Joseph Conrad was an author who is remembered for novels like 'Heart of Darkness,' which drew on his experience as a mariner and addressed profound themes of nature and existence. Born into poverty in 1879 to an alcoholic cobbler father and washerwoman mother, ... 2. Joseph Stalin (1878–1953) was the leader of the Soviet Union during World War II. Could childhood events have shaped this person's future? Facts about Joseph Stalin: 16-20. Before it could be executed, however, Stalin died on March 5, 1953. – Source. When Lenin died in 1924, he was succeeded by Alexei Rykov as chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars, and thus the head of the government. His paranoia, too, was at an all-time high. The period known as the Great Purge eventually extended beyond the party elite to local officials suspected of counter-revolutionary activities. Stalin's mother, a devout Russian Orthodox Christian, wanted him to become a priest. In 1953, Stalin was 73. As war clouds gathered over Europe in 1939, Stalin made a seemingly brilliant move, signing a nonaggression pact with Germany's Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party. Best known as the "Elephant Man," Joseph Carey Merrick has been the subject of many medical studies, documentaries and works of fiction. At first, he had people removed from power through bureaucratic shuffling and denunciations. On June 11, 1937, Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin had 8 of his top army generals executed as part of The Great Purge. In 1902, he was arrested for coordinating a labor strike and exiled to Siberia, the first of his many arrests and exiles in the fledgling years of the Russian Revolution. He suffered either a heart attack or a series of strokes in 1945, and his health hadn't been the same since. By now, the British and Americans were suspicious of Stalin's intentions and wanted to avoid Soviet involvement in a postwar Japan. In 1948, Stalin ordered an economic blockade on the German city of Berlin, in hopes of gaining full control of the city. Joseph Stalin maneuvered to take control of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenin’s death. ‘The Most Impressive Medieval Grave in Europe’: What Is The Sutton Hoo Treasure? The Ukrainian famine—known as the Holodomor, a combination of the Ukrainian words for “starvation” and “to inflict death”—byone estimate claimed the lives of 3.9 million people, about13 percentof the population. His mother sent him to study to become a priest. He … 24. In Stalin’s case this interpretation was very nationalistic and focused on building up the Soviet Union rather than on global revolution. But in April 1917, Bolshevik leader Lenin denounced the provisional government, arguing that the people should rise up and take control by seizing land from the rich and factories from the industrialists. In 1901, he joined the Social Democratic Labor Party and worked full-time for the revolutionary movement. Stalin’s legacy has been one as a Communist icon and a mass-murdering tyrant.overty Stalin was … Among the dead are the estimated 22,000 Polish prisoners of war who were executed by the Soviet secret police in April and May 1940. He was born on Dec 18, 1879. One of the most ruthless political leaders in history, the deaths attributed to Stalin number in their millions. The people who count the votes decide everything.” It's estimated that Stalin killed as many as 20 million people, directly or indirectly, through famine, forced labor camps, collectivization and executions. It's also speculated he was asked to leave due to his political views challenging the tsarist regime of Nicholas II. Joseph Stalin was a man who needs no introduction, and not for good reasons. During his reign, he acquired vast amounts of land through ruthless means, creating a centrally controlled government. 40 Bloody Facts About Joseph Stalin “It is enough that the people know there was an election. Joseph P. Kennedy is best known as the father of three political leaders: President John F. Kennedy, U.S. Representative Ted Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, who served as a U.S. senator and attorney general. A detailed biography of Joseph Stalin that includes includes images, quotations and the main facts of his life. Earlier, he had ordered the Soviet representative to the United Nations to boycott the Security Council because it refused to accept the newly formed Communist People's Republic of China into the United Nations. Key Stage 3. July 18, 2014 Joseph Stalin is one of the most notorious dictators in history, and it was his ruthless attitude that transformed the Soviet Union into one of the biggest and most-feared superpowers. He also developed a cruel streak for those who crossed him. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Stalin reversed the Bolshevik agrarian policy by seizing land given earlier to the peasants and organizing collective farms. Joseph Stalin was born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on December 21, 1879, in Gori, Georgia. Stalin joined the group in 1898. Before Lenin died he wrote a Testament where he recommended that Stalin be removed from power. Stalin was so distraught at Hitler's treachery that he hid in his office for several days. Though never a strong orator like Vladimir Lenin or an intellectual like Leon Trotsky, Stalin excelled in the mundane operations of the revolution, calling meetings, publishing leaflets and organizing strikes and demonstrations. Joseph Stalin, who was known as the most powerful and unkind dictator of the history, didn’t have a very pleasant childhood. In his time, he was one of the most powerful U.S. journalists. After escaping from exile, he was marked by the Okhranka, (the tsar's secret police) as an outlaw and continued his work in hiding, raising money through robberies, kidnappings and extortion. GCSE. Stalin, meanwhile, remained general secretary of the Communist Party. Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II tried to strengthen the Habsburg empire with his enlightened reforms, but the changes he made were met with fierce opposition. Main article: Early life of Joseph Stalin Stalin was born on December 18, 1878 in Gori, Georgia to a family of limited financial means. On December 18, 1879, in the Russian peasant village of Gori, Georgia, Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - later known as Joseph Stalin - was born. 10 Facts About Joseph Stalin. A year later, Stalin came in contact with Messame Dassy, a secret organization that supported Georgian independence from Russia. Joseph Goebbels served as minister of propaganda for the German Third Reich under Adolf Hitler — a position from which he spread the Nazi message. Stalin did well in school, and his efforts gained him a scholarship to Tiflis Theological Seminary in 1894. But in the end Stalin won out, exiling Trotsky to Kazakhstan in 1928 before deporting him from the Soviet Union altogether the following year. And it was there that all four men lived. Stalin was convinced of Hitler's integrity and ignored warnings from his military commanders that Germany was mobilizing armies on its eastern front. After heroic efforts on the part of the Soviet Army and the Russian people, the Germans were turned back at the Battle of Stalingrad in 1943. 3. Under his leadership, the production of coal, oil and steel grew exponentially and the country saw huge economic growth. Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dzе Jughashvili, 18 December [O.S. The Nazis proposed to free him in a prisoner swap but Stalin refused, possibly because he believed that Yakov had surrendered voluntarily. Stalin had been suspicious of the West since the inception of the Soviet Union, and once the Soviet Union had entered the war, Stalin had demanded the Allies open up a second front against Germany. A stroke in 1953 killed Josef Stalin while he was alone in his Dacha on March 5, 1953. He had a number of organizational jobs in the Communist Party. It was during this time that he adopted the name Stalin, meaning "steel" in Russian. But he immediately set about promoting himself as Lenin’s true political successor.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'historyhit_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_1',143,'0','0'])); By the late 1920s he had established himself as the supreme leader of the party, though there is some debate over when the Soviet system of governance evolved from an oligarchy to a dictatorship under Stalin. Every consequential figure in history leaves their mark not just in their actions, but in the public fascination that they inspire years after their death: How did this person rise to the top? The Name Stalin Means “Man of Steel.” Nowadays, the title “Man of Steel” refers to Superman, but back then, Stalin’s name was derived from the Russian word Stal, which means steel. One of the towering figures of the 20th century, things might have been very different for global politics had Stalin not been around. Fast Facts: Joseph Stalin Known For: Bolshevik leader, Russian revolutionary, Head of the Communist Party in Russia and Dictator of the USSR (1927–1953) Born: December 18, 1878 (official date: December 21, 1879) in Gori, Georgia Parents: Vissarion … The following are some very shocking facts about Joseph Stalin: He came from a poor home. Following the October Revolution of 1917, the three men became part of an informal group leading the new Bolshevik government. Both British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that such an action would result in heavy casualties. 1922 was the year when Joseph Stalin was first appointed as the general secretary of the Communist party. Joseph Stalin was born Josef Vissarionovich Djhugashvili on December 18, 1878 (or December 6, 1878 according to the Old Style Julian calendar) in the town of Gori in Georgia. Many were exiled abroad to Europe and the Americas, including presumed Lenin successor Leon Trotsky. He made shrewd appointments and consolidated his power so that eventually nearly all members of the central command owed their position to him. By the next year, the Soviet Army was liberating countries in Eastern Europe, even before the Allies had mounted a serious challenge against Hitler at D-Day. Eventually he became an atheist, and in 1899 was expelled from the seminary for failing to attend exams. As the tide of war slowly turned in the Allies' favor, Roosevelt and Churchill met with Stalin to discuss postwar arrangements. Joseph Stalin was a Soviet revolutionary and political leader. He rebelled against studying scripture, however, instead reading the writings of Karl Marx and joining a local socialist group. He is considered to be one of the most murderous dictators ever. Stalin suffered another foreign policy defeat after he encouraged North Korean Communist leader Kim Il Sung to invade South Korea, believing the United States would not interfere. Because of this, Stalin began a quest for greatness and respect. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Here are some facts about Joseph Stalin. He died in Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1943.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'historyhit_com-leader-1','ezslot_9',162,'0','0'])); History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. Stalin chose not to return home, but stayed in Tiflis, devoting his time to the revolutionary movement. Western powers interpreted these actions as proof of Stalin's desire to place Europe under Communist control, thus formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to counter Soviet influence.

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